Journal of Renal Nutrition
Volume 16, Issue 2 , Pages 141-149 , April 2006

Circulating Growth Hormone Binding Protein Levels and Mononuclear Cell Growth Hormone Receptor Expression in Uremia

Presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology 2003 and the Seventh Annual Meeting of the International Pediatric Nephrology Symposium on Growth in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease, Germany 2004.

  • Joshua Greenstein, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
  • ,
  • Steven Guest, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
    • Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA
  • ,
  • Jane C. Tan, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
  • ,
  • Padmaja Tummala, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
  • ,
  • Stefan Busque, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
  • ,
  • Ralph Rabkin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
    • Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Ralph Rabkin, MD, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304

References 

  1. Kaskel F . Chronic renal disease (A growing problem) . Kidney Int . 2003;64:1141–1151
  2. Rabkin R . Therapeutic use of growth factors in renal disease . In:  Kopple JD ,  Massry SG editor. Kopple and Massry’s Nutritional Management of Renal Disease . Philadelphia: Lippincott; 2003;p. 581–592
  3. Girndt M , Sester M , Sester U , et al.   Molecular aspects of T- and B-cell function in uremia . Kidney Int Suppl . 2001;78:S206–S211
  4. Wuhl E , Schaefer F . Effects of growth hormone in patients with chronic renal failure (Experience in children and adults) . Horm Res . 2002;58(suppl 3):35–38
  5. Tonshoff B , Blum WF , Mehls O . Derangements of the somatotropic hormone axis in chronic renal failure . Kidney Int Suppl . 1997;58:S106–S113
  6. Rabkin R , Schaefer F . New concepts (Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I and the kidney) . Growth Horm IGF Res . 2004;14:270–276
  7. Ding H , Gao XL , Hirschberg R , et al.   Impaired actions of insulin-like growth factor 1 on protein Synthesis and degradation in skeletal muscle of rats with chronic renal failure. Evidence for a postreceptor defect . J Clin Invest . 1996;97:1064–1075
  8. Schaefer F , Chen Y , Tsao T , et al.   Impaired JAK-STAT signal transduction contributes to growth hormone resistance in chronic uremia . J Clin Invest . 2001;108:467–475
  9. Rabkin R , Sun DF , Chen Y , et al.   Growth hormone resistance in uremia, a role for impaired JAK/STAT signaling . Pediatr Nephrol . 2005;20:313–318
  10. Tonshoff B , Eden S , Weiser E , et al.   Reduced hepatic growth hormone (GH) receptor gene expression and increased plasma GH binding protein in experimental uremia . Kidney Int . 1994;45:1085–1092
  11. Edmondson SR , Baker NL , Oh J , et al.   Growth hormone receptor abundance in tibial growth plates of uremic rats (GH/IGF-I treatment) . Kidney Int . 2000;58:62–70
  12. Villares SM , Goujon L , Maniar S , et al.   Reduced food intake is the main cause of low growth hormone receptor expression in uremic rats . Mol Cell Endocrinol . 1994;106:51–56
  13. Baumann G . Growth hormone binding protein. The soluble growth hormone receptor . Minerva Endocrinol . 2002;27:265–276
  14. Piwien-Pilipuk G , Huo JS , Schwartz J . Growth hormone signal transduction . J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab . 2002;15:771–786
  15. Savino W , Smaniotto S , Binart N , et al.   In vivo effects of growth hormone on thymic cells . Ann N Y Acad Sci . 2003;992:179–185
  16. Jeay S , Sonenshein GE , Postel-Vinay MC , et al.   Growth hormone can act as a cytokine controlling survival and proliferation of immune cells (New insights into signaling pathways) . Mol Cell Endocrinol . 2002;188:1–7
  17. Baumann G , Frank SJ . Metalloproteinases and the modulation of GH signaling . J Endocrinol . 2002;174:361–368
  18. Laursen T . Clinical pharmacological aspects of growth hormone administration . Growth Horm IGF Res . 2004;14:16–44
  19. Baumann G . Growth hormone binding protein and free growth hormone in chronic renal failure . Pediatr Nephrol . 1996;10:328–330
  20. Tonshoff B , Cronin MJ , Reichert M , et al.   Reduced concentration of serum growth hormone (GH)-binding protein in children with chronic renal failure (Correlation with GH insensitivity. The European Study Group for Nutritional Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure in Childhood. The German Study Group for Growth Hormone Treatment in Chronic Renal Failure) . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1997;82:1007–1013
  21. Postel-Vinay MC , Tar A , Crosnier H , et al.   Plasma growth hormone-binding activity is low in uraemic children . Pediatr Nephrol . 1991;5:545–547
  22. Powell DR , Liu F , Baker BK , et al.   Modulation of growth factors by growth hormone in children with chronic renal failure. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group . Kidney Int . 1997;51:1970–1979
  23. Fisker S , Vahl N , Jorgensen JO , et al.   Abdominal fat determines growth hormone-binding protein levels in healthy nonobese adults . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1997;82:123–128
  24. Baruch Y , Amit T , Hertz P , et al.   Decreased serum growth hormone-binding protein in patients with liver cirrhosis . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1991;73:777–780
  25. Valerio G , Bond HM , Badolato R , et al.   Expression of growth hormone receptor by peripheral blood lymphocytes in children (Evaluation in clinical conditions of impaired growth) . Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) . 1997;47:329–335
  26. Amit T , Youdim MB , Hochberg Z . Clinical review 112 (Does serum growth hormone (GH) binding protein reflect human GH receptor function?) . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 2000;85:927–932
  27. Welniak LA , Sun R , Murphy WJ . The role of growth hormone in T-cell development and reconstitution . J Leukoc Biol . 2002;71:381–387
  28. Authors N . Clinical practice guidelines for nutrition in chronic renal failure. K/DOQI, National Kidney Foundation . Am J Kidney Dis . 2000;35:S1–S140
  29. Glantz S . Primer of Biostatistics, ed 5 . In: New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002;p. 92–103
  30. Haffner D , Schaefer F , Girard J , et al.   Metabolic clearance of recombinant human growth hormone in health and chronic renal failure . J Clin Invest . 1994;93:1163–1171
  31. Veldhuis JD , Iranmanesh A , Wilkowski MJ , et al.   Neuroendocrine alterations in the somatotropic and lactotropic axes in uremic men . Eur J Endocrinol . 1994;131:489–498
  32. Postel-Vinay MC , Saab C , Gourmelen M . Nutritional status and growth hormone-binding protein . Horm Res . 1995;44:177–181
  33. Raynaud-Simon A , Perin L , Meaume S , et al.   IGF-I, IGF-I-binding proteins and GH-binding protein in malnourished elderly patients with inflammation receiving refeeding therapy . Eur J Endocrinol . 2002;146:657–665
  34. Bresson JL , Jeay S , Gagnerault MC , et al.   Growth hormone (GH) and prolactin receptors in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Relation with age and GH-binding protein) . Endocrinology . 1999;140:3203–3209
  35. Maheshwari HG , Rifkin I , Butler J , et al.   Growth hormone binding protein in patients with renal failure . Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) . 1992;127:485–488
  36. Zadik Z , Frishberg Y , Drukker A , et al.   Excessive dietary protein and suboptimal caloric intake have a negative effect on the growth of children with chronic renal disease before and during growth hormone therapy . Metabolism . 1998;47:264–268
  37. Rapaport R , Sills IN , Green L , et al.   Detection of human growth hormone receptors on IM-9 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets by flow cytometry (Correlation with growth hormone-binding protein levels) . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1995;80:2612–2619
  38. Sun DF , Zheng Z , Tummala P , et al.   Chronic uremia attenuates growth hormone-induced signal transduction in skeletal muscle . J Am Soc Nephrol . 2004;15:2630–2636
  39. Zheng Z , Sun DF , Tummala P , et al.   Cardiac resistance to growth hormone in uremia . Kidney Int . 2005;67:858–866
  40. Blum WF . Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins in chronic renal failure (Evidence for reduced secretion of IGFs) . Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl . 1991;379:24–31 discussion 32
  41. Doehner W , Pflaum CD , Rauchhaus M , et al.   Leptin, insulin sensitivity and growth hormone binding protein in chronic heart failure with and without cardiac cachexia . Eur J Endocrinol . 2001;145:727–735
  42. Shuto Y , Nakano T , Sanno N , et al.   Reduced growth hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in an aged man with chronic malnutrition and growth hormone resistance . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1999;84:2320–2323
  43. Postel-Vinay MC , Cohen-Tanugi E , Charrier J . Growth hormone receptors in rat liver membranes (effects of fasting and refeeding, and correlation with plasma somatomedin activity) . Mol Cell Endocrinol . 1982;28:657–669
  44. Fisker S , Hansen B , Fuglsang J , et al.   Gene expression of the GH receptor in subcutaneous and intraabdominal fat in healthy females (Relationship to GH-binding protein) . Eur J Endocrinol . 2004;150:773–777
  45. Fisker S , Kristensen K , Rosenfalck AM , et al.   Gene expression of a truncated and the full-length growth hormone (GH) receptor in subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle in GH-deficient adults (Impact of GH treatment) . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 2001;86:792–796
  46. Hong-Brown LQ , Brown CR , Cooney RN , et al.   Sepsis-induced muscle growth hormone resistance occurs independently of STAT5 phosphorylation . Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab . 2003;285:E63–E72
  47. Mao Y , Ling PR , Fitzgibbons TP , et al.   Endotoxin-induced inhibition of growth hormone receptor signaling in rat liver in vivo . Endocrinology . 1999;140:5505–5515
  48. Dixit VD , Mielenz M , Taub DD , et al.   Leptin induces growth hormone secretion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells via a protein kinase C- and nitric oxide-dependent mechanism . Endocrinology . 2003;144:5595–5603
  49. Derfalvi B , Nemet K , Szalai C , et al.   In vitro effect of human recombinant growth hormone on lymphocyte and granulocyte function of healthy and uremic children . Immunol Lett . 1998;63:41–47

 Supported by a Norman S. Coplon Grant from Satellite Research and a Merit Review Grant from the Research Service of the Department of Veterans Affairs.

PII: S1051-2276(06)00006-9

doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2006.01.007

Journal of Renal Nutrition
Volume 16, Issue 2 , Pages 141-149 , April 2006