Journal of Renal Nutrition
Volume 17, Issue 3 , Pages 205-213 , May 2007

Effect of a Sardine Supplement on C-Reactive Protein in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis

  • Ana Catarina Moreira, RD

      Affiliations

    • Dietetics–Higher School of Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.
    • Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
    • Fresenius Medical Care, Restelo and Lumiar Clinics, Lisbon, Portugal.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Ana Catarina Moreira, RD, Dietetics–Higher School of Health Technologies, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096, Lisbon, Portugal.
    • ,
  • Augusta Gaspar, MD

      Affiliations

    • Fresenius Medical Care, Restelo and Lumiar Clinics, Lisbon, Portugal.
    • ,
  • Maria Adelaide Serra, MD

      Affiliations

    • Fresenius Medical Care, Restelo and Lumiar Clinics, Lisbon, Portugal.
    • ,
  • Jacinto Simões, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Fresenius Medical Care, Restelo and Lumiar Clinics, Lisbon, Portugal.
    • ,
  • José Lopes da Cruz, MD

      Affiliations

    • Fresenius Medical Care, Restelo and Lumiar Clinics, Lisbon, Portugal.
    • ,
  • Teresa Freitas do Amaral, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

References 

  1. Iseki K, Masahiko T, Yoshi S, et al. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and risk of death in chronic dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14:1956–1960
  2. Wanner C, Metzger T. C-reactive protein a marker for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(Suppl 1):29–32
  3. Ridker PM. Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention. Circulation. 2003;107:363–369
  4. Deepak L, Bhatt MD, Eric J, et al. Need to test the arterial inflammation hypothesis. Circulation. 2002;106:136–140
  5. Boenisch O, Ehmke KD, Hedderggott A, et al. C-reactive protein and cytokine plasma levels in hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol. 2002;15:547–551
  6. Ridker PM. C-reactive protein, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease: clinical update. Tex Heart Inst J. 2005;32:384–386
  7. Zimmermann J, Herrlinger S, Pruy A, et al. Inflammation enhances cardiovascular risk and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 1999;55:648–658
  8. Panichi V, Taccola D, Rizza GM, et al. Ceruloplasmin and acute phase protein levels are associated with cardiovascular disease in chronic dialysis patients. J Nephrol. 2004;17:715–720
  9. He K, Rimm E, Merchant A, Rosner B, et al. Fish consumption and risk of stroke in men. JAMA. 2002;288:3130–3136
  10. Keli SO, Freskens E, Kromhout D. Fish consumption and risk of stroke: the Zuphen Study. Stroke. 1994;25:328–332
  11. Daviglus ML, Stamler J, Orencia AJ, et al. Fish consumption and the 30-year risk of fatal myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:1046–1053
  12. Din J, Newby D, Flapan A. Omega 3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease-fishing for a natural treatment. BMJ. 2004;328:3035
  13. Vergili-Nelsen J. Benefits of fish oil supplementation for hemodialysis patients. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103:1174–1177
  14. Ando M, Sanaka T, Nihei H, et al. Eicosapentanoic acid reduced plasma levels of remnant lipoproteins and prevents in vivo peroxidation of LDL in dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:2177–2184
  15. Iorio L, Saltarelli G, Nacca RG, et al. Hyperlipidemia in dialysis patients: what treatment?. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1997;23:311–313
  16. Filippi C, Wasserman S, Rosanio S, et al. Cardiac troponin T and C-reactive protein for predicting prognosis, coronary atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. JAMA. 2003;209:353–359
  17. Barany P, Filho J, Bergstom J. High C-reactive protein is a strong predictor to erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;29:565–568
  18. Gunnell J, Yeun J, Depner T, et al. Acute phase response predicts erythropoietin resistance in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;33:63–72
  19. Friedman A, Moe S, Perkins S, et al. Fish consumption and omega-3 fatty acid status and determinants in long-term hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;47:1064–1071
  20. Barata J, Bandarra N, Branco P, et al. Low levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in hemodialysis patients. 2003;Proceedings of the World Congress of Nephrology, Berlin, June 8–12
  21. Kunter NG, Clow PW, Rebbeca Z, et al. Association of fish intake and survival in a cohort of incident dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:1018–1024
  22. Pischon T, Hankinson S, Hotamisligil G, et al. Habitual dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in relation to inflammatory markers among US men and women. Circulation. 2003;108:155–160
  23. Lopez-Garcia E, Schulze MB, Manson JE. Consumption of (n-3) fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation in women. J Nutr. 2004;134:1806–1811
  24. Zampelas A, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, et al. Fish consumption among healthy adults is associated with decreased levels of inflammatory markers related to cardiovascular disease: the ATTICA study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:120–124
  25. Niu K, Hozama A, Kuriyama S, et al. Dietary long-chain n-3 fatty acids of marine origin and serum C-reactive protein concentrations are associated in a population with a diet rich in marine products. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84:223–229
  26. Fiedler R, Mall M, Wand C. Short-term administration of omega-3 fatty acids in hemodialysis patients with balanced lipid metabolism. J Renal Nutr. 2005;15:253–256
  27. Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;35(Suppl 2):40–41
  28. Garred L, Barichello D, DiGiuseppe B, et al. Simple Kt/V formulas based on urea mass balance theory. Asaio J. 1994;40:997–1004
  29. Heymsfield S, Baumgartner R, Pan S-F. Nutritional assessment of malnutrition by anthropometric methods. In:  Shils M,  Olson J,  Shike M,  Ross AC editor. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999;p. 903–921
  30. Mori TA, Woodman RJ, Burke V, et al. Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in treated-hypertensive type 2 diabetic subjects. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003;35:772–781
  31. Rifai N, Tracy R, Ridker P. Clinical efficacy of an automated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assay. Clinical Chem. 1999;45:2136–2141
  32. Panichi V, Massimiliano M, De Peietro S, et al. C-reactive protein as a marker of chronic inflammation in uremic patients. Blood Purif. 2000;18:183–190
  33. Kalantar-Zadek K, Ikizler T, Block G, et al. Malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome in dialysis patients: causes and consequences. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42:864–881
  34. Lonnemann G. Chronic inflammation in hemodialysis: the role of contaminated dialysate. Blood Purif. 2000;18:214–223
  35. Willerson J, Ridker P. Inflammation as a cardiovascular risk factor. Circulation. 2004;109(Suppl 1):2–10
  36. Himmelfarb J, Hakim RM. Oxidative stress in uremia. Curr Opin Nephol Hypertens. 2003;12:593–598
  37. Madsen T, Christensen J, Blom M, et al. The effect of dietary acids on serum concentrations of C-reactive protein: a dose-response study. Br J Nutr. 2003;89:517–522
  38. Geelen A, Brouwer I, Schouten E, et al. Intake of n-3 fatty acids does not lower serum concentrations of C-reactive protein in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004;58:1440–1442
  39. Chan D, Watts G, Barret P, et al. Effect of atrovastatin and fish oil on plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein Concentrations in individuals with visceral obesity. Clin Chem. 2002;48:877–883
  40. Desmeules S, Arcand-Bosse J, Bergeron J, et al. Nonfasting non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is adequate for lipid management in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;45:1067–1072
  41. Donnelly SM, Ali MA, Churchill DN. Effect of n-3 fatty acids from fish oil on homeostasis, blood pressure, and lipid profile of dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1992;2:1634–1639
  42. Ockene IS, Matthews CE, Rifai N, et al. Variability and classification accuracy of serial high-sensitivity C-reactive protein measurements in healthy adults. Clin Chem. 2001;47:444–450
  43. Marques-Vidal P, Ravasco P, Dias C, Camilo ME. Trends of food intake in Portugal, 1987-1999: results from the National Health Surveys. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60:1414–1422
  44. Connor WE. Importance of n-3 fatty acids in health and disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(Suppl 1):171–175
  45. Zimmerer JL, Leon JB, Covinsky KE, et al. Diet monotony as a correlate of poor nutritional intake among hemodialysis patients. J Renal Nutr. 2003;13:72–77
  46. Burrowes JD, Lavire B, Cockram DB, et al. Effects of dietary intake, appetite, and eating habits on dialysis and non-dialysis treatment days in hemodialysis patients: cross-sectional results from the HEMO study. J Renal Nutr. 2003;13:191–198
  47. Centro de Segurança Alimentar e Nutrição, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge (ed): Tabela da Composição de Alimentos. Portugal, INSA, 2006.
  48. Kaysen GA. Association between inflammation and malnutrition as risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Blood Purif. 2006;24:51–55

PII: S1051-2276(07)00046-5

doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2007.02.005

Journal of Renal Nutrition
Volume 17, Issue 3 , Pages 205-213 , May 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution