Journal of Renal Nutrition
Volume 17, Issue 5 , Pages 350-354 , September 2007

Phosphorus-Containing Food Additives and the Accuracy of Nutrient Databases: Implications for Renal Patients

  • Catherine M. Sullivan, MS, RD, LD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Nephrology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Center for Reducing Health Disparities, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • ,
  • Janeen B. Leon, MS, RD, LD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Nephrology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Center for Reducing Health Disparities, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • ,
  • Ashwini R. Sehgal, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Nephrology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Center for Reducing Health Disparities, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Center for Health Care Research and Policy, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Biomedical Ethics, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Ashwini R. Sehgal, MD, Division of Nephrology, MetroHealth Medical Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109.

References 

  1. Block GA, Hulbert-Shearon TE, Levin NW, et al. Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: a national study. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;31:607–617
  2. Rodriguez-Benot A, Martin-Malo A, Alvarez-Lara MA, et al. Mild hyperphosphatemia and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;46:68–77
  3. Ribeiro S, Ramos A, Brandao A, et al. Cardiac valve calcification in haemodialysis patients: role of calcium-phosphate metabolism. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13:2037–2040
  4. Goodman WG. The consequences of uncontrolled secondary hyperparathyroidism and its treatment in chronic kidney disease. Semin Dial. 2004;17:209–216
  5. Malluche HH, Mawad H. Management of hyperphosphataemia of chronic kidney disease: lessons from the past and future directions. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:1170–1175
  6. Calvo MS, Park YK. Changing phosphorus content of the U.S. diet: potential for adverse effects on bone. J Nutr. 1996;126(Suppl):1168S–1180S
  7. Bell RR, Draper HH, Tzeng DY, et al. Physiological responses of human adults to foods containing phosphate additives. J Nutr. 1977;107:42–50
  8. Uribarri J, Calvo MS. Hidden sources of phosphorus in the typical American diet: does it matter in nephrology?. Semin Dial. 2003;16:186–188
  9. Ford JC, Pope JF, Hunt AE, et al. The effect of diet education on the laboratory values and knowledge of hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia. J Ren Nutr. 2004;14:36–44
  10. Cupisti A, D’Alessandro C, Baldi R, et al. Dietary habits and counseling focused on phosphate intake in hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia. J Ren Nutr. 2004;14:220–225
  11. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. USDA nutrient database for standard reference, release 19. 2006;Nutrient Data Laboratory home page, http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata (note: release numbers change as new versions are released)
  12. Leon JB, Albert JM, Gilchrist G, et al. Improving albumin levels among hemodialysis patients: a community-based randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;48:28–36
  13. Clinical practice guidelines for nutrition in chronic renal failure (K/DOQI, National Kidney Foundation). Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;35(Suppl):S1–S140
  14. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for bone metabolism and disease in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42(Suppl):S1–S201
  15. Mehrotra R. Disordered mineral metabolism and vascular calcification in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease patients. J Ren Nutr. 2006;16:100–118
  16. Calvo MS. Dietary phosphorus, calcium metabolism and bone. J Nutr. 1993;123:1627–1633
  17. Calvo MS, Kumar R, Heath H. Persistently elevated parathyroid hormone secretion and action in young women after four weeks of ingesting high phosphorus, low calcium diets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990;70:1334–1340
  18. Metz JA, Anderson JJ, Gallagher PN. Intakes of calcium, phosphorus, and protein, and physical-activity level are related to radial bone mass in young adult women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;58:537–542
  19. Kemi VE, Karkkainen MU, Lamberg-Allardt CJ. High phosphorus intakes acutely and negatively affect Ca and bone metabolism in a dose-dependent manner in healthy young females. Br J Nutr. 2006;96:545–552
  20. Teegarden D, Lyle RM, McCabe GP, et al. Dietary calcium, protein, and phosphorus are related to bone mineral density and content in young women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68:749–754
  21. Block GA, Klassen PS, Lazarus JM, et al. Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15:2208–2218
  22. Al Aly Z, Gonzalez EA, Martin KJ, et al. Achieving K/DOQI laboratory target values for bone and mineral metabolism: an uphill battle. Am J Nephrol. 2004;24:422–426
  23. Kimata N, Akiba T, Pisoni RL, et al. Mineral metabolism and haemoglobin concentration among haemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20:927–935
  24. Lorenzo V, Martin-Malo A, Perez-Garcia R, et al. Prevalence, clinical correlates and therapy cost of mineral abnormalities among haemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional multicentre study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:459–465

 This work was supported by grants DK51472 and GCRC M01RR00080 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

PII: S1051-2276(07)00115-X

doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2007.05.008

Journal of Renal Nutrition
Volume 17, Issue 5 , Pages 350-354 , September 2007

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